FCI Standard 226

FCI-Standard N° 226 / 01. 10. 1997 (Dutch / Ned. standaard)

LANDSEER (European Continental Type, ECT) Foto

TRANSLATION : Mrs. Matenaar.

ORIGIN : Germany / Switzerland.

DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL VALID STANDARD : 24.08.1960.

UTILIZATION : Guard Dog, Companion.

CLASSIFICATION F.C.I. : Group 2 Pinscher and Schnauzer- Molossoid breeds- Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs and other breeds.

Section 2.2 Molossoid breeds, Mountain type.

Without working trial.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : The Landseer should convey the impression of a tall, powerful and well balanced dog. The legs are comparatively longer than those of the black Newfoundland - especially in the male.

HEAD : Scalp should be free from wrinkles, covered with short, fine hair. Head should be strikingly modelled, with noble expression.

CRANIAL REGION :

Skull : Broad and massive with well developed occipital protuberance.

Stop : Decided, however not as pronounced and steep as in the Saint Bernard Dog.

FACIAL REGION :

Nose : Black.

Muzzle : Length of muzzle is equal to depth of muzzle measured in front of the stop.

Lips : Clean, black; the as tight as possible and no drivelling upper lip slightly overlapping the lower.

Jaws/Teeth : Scissor bite.

Cheeks : Moderately developed, gradually tapering into the muzzle.

Eyes : Medium size, moderately deep set, brown to darkbrown, lightbrown to be tolerated, friendly expression, almond shaped, showing no haw. Pronouncedly light eyes (sulphur or greyish yellow) are faulty, as well as eyes set too close together.

Ears : Medium size. Reaching inner corner of eyes, when drawn out. Triangular shape, with slightly rounded tips. Set high on head, however not too far back. Carried close and flat to sides of head. Ears covered with short, fine hair. Fringes of longer hair to be found only at back part of root of ear.

NECK : The neck - muscular and broad - should not be quite round but rather eggshaped in cross-section, symmetrically set and obliquely placed in shoulders. Length of neck from occiput to withers to be approximately 3/4 to 4/5 the length from occiput to tip of nose. Pronounced dewlap undesirable.

BODY : The length measured from withers to set on of tail should be about twice the length of the head. Wide and strong from withers to croup.

Back : Straight and level.

Loin : Muscular.

Croup : Broad, well rounded at sides and backwards by powerful bolster of muscles.

Chest : Between the very muscular shoulders the chest is deep and broad corresponding to well sprung ribs.

Belly : Slightly tucked up. Clearly visible flat depression between belly and loin. Weak or hollow back, weak loins, too short false ribs and too much tuck-up of the belly are faults.

TAIL : Strong, reaching slightly below hocks at the most, well covered with dense, bushy hair, however not flaglike. Tail should hang downwards when standing or at ease, with a slight curve at end permissible. May carry tail straight out, with only a slight curve at end, when moving. Tails with a kink or curled over back are most objectionable.

LIMBS

FOREQUARTERS : Strong muscles descending from shoulders and surrounding a well boned humerus are connected in correct angulation to the massive bones of the seen from front absolutely straight and muscular fore-legs. Legs slightly fringed down to pastern.

Elbows : Close to body at the lowest point of brisket; distance from ground to elbows rather high; elbows pointing straight to the rear.

HINDQUARTERS : The hindquarters are throughout very sturdy. Hindlegs to move freely; they should have strong bone embedded by powerful muscles. Hindlegs to be moderately fringed.

Upper thighs : Especially broad.

Dewclaws : They are objectionable; they should be removed as soon as possible after birth. Cowhocks or insufficient angulation are faulty.

FEET : Large, well shaped cat-feet. Splayed or turned out feet are objectionable. Toes connected by webbing, which should be strong, almost reaching tip of toes.

GAIT/MOVEMENT : Movement of the well musceled legs should present a free, long stride, covering ground well.

COAT

HAIR : The top coat - with exception of the head - should be long and as straight and dense as possible, soft to the touch, with good undercoat, which is not as dense as in the black Newfoundland. Slightly wavy coat on back and hindquarters is not objectionable. When brushed wrong way it falls back into place naturally.

COLOUR : Main colour of coat is a clear white with distinct black patches on body and croup. Collar, forechest, belly, legs and tail must be white. Head black, with white muzzle and white symmetrical blaze - neither too narrow, nor too wide - extending from muzzle over head to the white collar, being considered a definite breeding goal. Ticking still occuring in the white not to be penalized, but should be bred away.

SIZE : Height at shoulders:

Dogs : 72 to 80 cm (28,5 to 31,5 inches),

Bitches : 67 to 72 cm (26,5 to 28,5 inches).

Small deviations below or above to be tolerated.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.

FCI-Standard N° 227 / 02. 04. 2004 (Dutch / Ned. standaard)

LHASA APSO Foto

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Gay and assertive. Alert, steady but somewhat aloof with strangers.

HEAD : Heavy head furnishings with good fall over eyes; good whiskers and beard.

Skull : Moderately narrow, falling away behind eyes, not quite flat, but not domed or apple headed.

Muzzle : About 4 cm (1 1/2 ins), but not square; length from tip of nose roughly one third of total length from nose to back of skull.

Jaws/Teeth : Upper incisors close just inside lower i.e. reverse scissor bite. Incisors in a broad and as straight a line as possible. Full dentition desirable.

Eyes : Dark. Medium size, frontally placed, oval, neither large nor full, nor small and sunk. No white showing at base or top.

BODY : Length from point of shoulders to point of buttocks greater than height at withers. Balanced and compact.

TAIL : High set, carried well over back but not like a pot-hook. Often a kink at end. Well feathered.

HINDQUARTERS : Well developed with good muscle. Good angulation. Heavily furnished with hair.

HAIR : Top coat long, heavy, straight, hard neither woolly nor silky. Moderate undercoat.

COLOUR : Golden, sandy, honey, dark grizzle, slate, smoke, parti-colour, black, white or brown. All equally acceptable.

SIZE : Ideal height: 25,4 cm (10 ins) at shoulder for dogs; bitches slightly smaller.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effect upon the health and welfare of the dog.

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.

FCI-Standard N° 228 / 22. 11. 2004 (Dutch / Ned. standaard)

AFGHAN HOUND Foto

GENERAL APPEARANCE : Gives the impression of strength and dignity, combining speed and power. Head held proudly.

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Eastern or Oriental expression is typical of breed. The Afghan looks at and through one. Dignified and aloof, with a certain keen fierceness.

Skull : Long, not too narrow with prominent occiput. Well balanced and mounted by a long « top-knot ».

Jaws/Teeth : Jaws strong, with a perfect, regular and complete scissor bite, i.e. the upper teeth closely overlapping the lower teeth and set square to the jaws. Level bite tolerated.

Eyes : Dark for preference, but golden colour not debarred. Nearly triangular, slanting slightly upwards from inner corner to outer.

Ears : Set low and well back, carried close to head. Covered with long silky hair.

Croup : Falling slightly away to stern. Hipbones rather prominent and wide apart.

TAIL : Not too short. Set on low with ring at end. Raised when in action. Sparsely feathered.

FOREQUARTERS : Forelegs straight and well boned, straight with shoulder viewed from front.

Shoulders : Long and sloping, set well back, well muscled and strong without being loaded.

Elbows : In profile vertically below the withers. Close to rib cage, turning neither in nor out.

HINDQUARTERS : Powerful. Great length between hip and hock with comparatively short distance between hock and foot.

FEET : Forefeet strong and very large both in length and breadth, and covered with long, thick hair; toes arched. Pads well down on ground. Hindfeet long, but not quite as broad as forefeet; covered with long thick hair.

HAIR : Long and very fine texture on ribs, fore and hindquarters and flanks. In mature dogs from shoulder backwards and along the saddle, hair short and close. Hair long from forehead backwards, with a distinct silky « top-knot ». On foreface hair short. Ears and legs well coated. Pasterns can be bare. Coat must develop naturally.

SIZE : Ideal height: dogs 68-74 cm (27-29 ins); bitches 63-69 cm (25-27 ins).

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The tricoloured scent hound has the same origins as the other Balkan scent hounds. In 1946 the theory that this breed was merely a variety of the Serbian scent hound was refuted; it was granted breed status and a first standard was drawn up. This breed was shown to cynological circles at the Belgrade International Dog Show on June 7th and 8th 1950. The F.C.I. recognised the breed and published the standard for the tricoloured Yugoslav scent hound on July 25th 1961.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : Medium sized dog of robust constitution. Full of character, it is lively and energetic.

· Length of body measured from point of shoulder to point of buttock is 10% greater than height at withers.

BEHAVIOUR/TEMPERAMENT: Devoted, kind, lively temperament; dependable, showing remarkable tenacity.

HEAD : Dolichocephalic (narrow skull base coupled with great length ), slim; top lines of skull and foreface are divergent.

Skull: Seen from the front and in profile slightly rounded, pronounced frontal furrow. Occipital crest not very developed. Distance between base of ears is equivalent to that between stop and occipital crest. Superciliary ridges almost imperceptible.

Muzzle : Cuneiform; shorter than skull, ideal relationship between length of muzzle and that of skull is 8,5 to 10. It tapers progressively from stop to nose. The foreface is straight. The lateral lines of the muzzle are convergent.

Lips : Thin, close-fitting, mediumly developed, quite short and rounded at the end of the muzzle. The edge of the lips should be black. Top lip slightly over1aps lower lip; corner of lips is firm.

Jaws/Teeth : Jaws are strong with regular complete scissor bite. Pincer bite allowed.

Eyes : Almond-shaped, almost oval, medium size. Pigment at edges of lids is dark (preferably black). The colour of the iris is as dark as possible.

Ears : Set high, medium length, pendulous, close to cheeks, medium size, the tip of the ear is slightly oval in shape. Ears are thinner than thick.

NECK : Strong, in length approximately the same as the head. Top line is slightly arched. The neck is at an angle of 45 to 50 degrees to the horizontal plane.

Croup: Slightly sloping (20-25% in relation to horizontal ), well-muscled, broad.

Chest : Strong, height 50% of height at withers, girth 20% greater than height at withers.

Underline and belly : Oval point of sternum standing slightly proud. Belly has slight tuck up.

TAIL: Extends line of croup. Strong at base, tapering progressively towards tip which reaches level of hock. Carried curving up slightly, never lifted above line of back. Covered in abundant hair.

Scapula (shoulder blade) : Approximately same length as upper arm, muscled, solid, well attached to thoracic wall. Forms an angle of 45-50 degrees in relation to horizontal.

Upper arm : Close to body, strong, muscled, approximately same length as scapula. Forms an angle of 45-50 degrees in relation to the horizontal.

Elbow : Close to body, solid, height from ground to elbow 50% of height at withers.

Metacarpus (Pastems) : Strong, slightly sloping (up to 15 degrees from vertical).

Front foot : Cat foot, with solid tight toes. Nails are strong, preferably black. Dark pads, well-developed.

Stifle : Solid, parallel with median line of body. Angle of stifle about 120 degrees.

Hind foot : A little longer than front foot; solid tight toes; black strong nails; pads resistant and elastic, dark in colour.

GAIT / MOVEMENT : Long steps, energetic and stretching reach. Preferred pace: free trot, regular, harmonious and even.

HAIR : Short, abundant, gleaming, slightly thick, lying well all over all the body; undercoat is quite well-developed. Hair is slightly longer over the back of the thighs and the underside of the tail.

COLOUR : The base coat is deep red or foxey red with a black mantle or saddle. The black can go up as far as the head where it forms black marks on the temples. The white star on the head and the blaze which stretches down the muzzle form a complete or partial collar under and around the neck. A white mark is allowed on the chest and may extend as far as the tip of the breast-bone and reach the belly and inside of the legs. The end of the tail can be white. White must not make up more than one third of the total body surface.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered as a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.

· Tail curled, carried high or curving over back. Tip of tail hooked or crooked.

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

N.B. Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.

FCI-Standard N° 230 / 02. 04. 2004 (Dutch / Ned. standaard)

DO-KHYI (Tibetan Mastiff) Foto

CLASSIFICATION F.C.I. : Group 2 Pinscher and Schnauzer - Molossoid breeds - Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs and other breeds.

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The Tibetan Mastiff (Do Khyi) is an ancient working breed of the nomad herders of the Himalaya and a traditional guardian of the Tibetan monasteries. It has been surrounded by great myth since its first discovery in antiquity. From the mentioning by Aristoteles (384-322 b.C.) to the famous writings of Marco Polo, who went to Asia in 1271, all historical reports praise the natural strength and impressiveness of the Tibetan Mastiff- both physically and mentally. Even its bark has been described as a unique and highly treasured feature of the breed. Leading European cynologists of the past, like Martin and Youatt, Megnin, Beckmann, Siber as well as Strebel and Bylandt have intensively covered the Tibetan Mastiff, as they had been fascinated by its origin and function in the Tibetan culture. Some even considered the breed to be the very forefather of all large mountain and mastiff breeds. One of the first known Tibetan Mastiffs to reach Western shores was a male sent to Queen Victoria by Lord Hardinge (then Viceroy of India) in 1847. Later in the 1880s, Edward VII (then Prince of Wales) took two dogs back to England. An early recorded litter of Tibetan Mastiffs was born in 1898 in the Berlin Zoo.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : Powerful, heavy, well built, with good bone. Impressive; of solemn and earnest appearance. Combines majestic strength, robustness and endurance; fit to work in all climate conditions. Slow to mature, only reaching its best at 2-3 years in females and at least 4 years in males.

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Independent. Protective. Commands respect. Most loyal to his family and territory.

HEAD : Broad, heavy and strong. In adults a wrinkle may extend from above the eyes down to the corner of mouth.

Nose : Broad, as dark as possible depending on coat colour, well opened nostrils.

Jaws/Teeth : Jaws strong with perfect, regular and complete scissor bite, i.e. upper incisors closely overlapping the lower incisors and set square to the jaws. Level bite acceptable. Dentition fits tightly.

Eyes : Medium size, any shade of brown and in accordance with coat colour, the darker the better. Set well apart, oval and slightly slanting. Eyelids tightly fitting the eyeball. Expression of dignity.

Ears : Medium size, triangular, pendant, set between the level of the skull and the eye, dropping forward and hanging close to head; carried forward when alert. Ear leathers covered with soft, short hair.

NECK : Strong, well muscled, arched. Not too much dewlap. Covered by thick upstanding mane, not so pronounced in bitches.

Chest : Rather deep, of moderate breadth, with good spring of rib, to give heart-shaped ribcage. Brisket reaching to below elbows.

TAIL : Medium length. Set high on line with top of back, carried high, loosely curled over back, when dog alert or in motion; well feathered.

FOREQUARTERS : Straight, well angulated, well covered all over with strong hair.

HINDQUARTERS : Powerful, muscular, with good angulation. Seen from behind, hindlegs parallel.

FEET : Fairly large, strong, round and compact, with good feathering between well-arched toes.

GAIT / MOVEMENT : Powerful, but always light and elastic: with good reach and drive. When speed increases tends to single track. When walking appears very deliberate. Capable of functioning over a varied terrain with stamina and suppleness.

HAIR : Quality of greater importance than quantity. Coat harsh, thick, top coat not too long, with dense and rather wolly undercoat in cold weather which becomes rather sparse in warmer months. Males carry noticeably more coat than females. Hair fine but harsh, straight and off-standing. Never silky, curly or wavy. Neck and shoulders heavily coated, giving mane-like appearance. Tail bushy and well feathered; hindlegs well feathered on upper rear parts.

COLOUR : Rich black, with or without tan marking; blue, with or without tan markings; gold, from rich fawn to deep red. All colours to be as pure as possible. Tan ranges from a rich chestnut to a lighter colour. White star on breast permissible. Minimal white markings on feet acceptable. Tan markings appear above eyes, on lower part of legs and underside of tail. Tan markings on muzzle; spectacle markings tolerated around eyes.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.