FCI Standard 146

FCI-Standard N° 146 / 10. 12. 1996 (Dutch / Ned. standaard)

RHODESIAN RIDGEBACK Foto

ORIGIN : Southern Africa.

Standard supplied by the Kennel Union of Southern Africa and the Zimbabwe Kennel Club.

DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL VALID STANDARD : 10.12.1996.

UTILIZATION : The Rhodesian Ridgeback is still used to hunt game in many parts of the world, but is especially prized as watch-dog and family pet.

CLASSIFICATION F.C.I. : Group 6 Scenthounds and related breeds.

Section 3 Related breeds.

Without working trial.

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The Rhodesian Ridgeback is presently the only registered breed indigenous to southern Africa. Its forbears can be traced to the Cape Colony of Southern Africa, where they crossed with the early pioneer’s dogs and the semi-domesticated, ridged Hottentot hunting dogs. Hunting mainly in groups of two or three, the original function of the Rhodesian Ridgeback or Lion dog was to track game, especially lion, and, with great agility, keep it at bay until the arrival of the hunter.

The original standard, which was drafted by F.R.Barnes, in Bulawayo, Rhodesia, in 1922, was based on that of the Dalmatian and was approved by the South African Kennel Union in 1926.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : The Rhodesian Ridgeback should represent a well balanced, strong, muscular, agile and active dog, symmetrical in outline, and capable of great endurance with a fair amount of speed. The emphasis is on agility, elegance and soundness with no tendency towards massiveness. The peculiarity of the breed is the ridge on the back, which is formed by the hair growing in the opposite direction to the rest of the coat. The ridge is the escutcheon of the breed. The ridge must be clearly defined, symmetrical and tapering towards the haunch. It must start immediately behind the shoulders and continue to the hip (haunches) bones. The ridge must contain only two crowns, identical and opposite each other. The lower edges of the crowns must not extend further down the ridge than one-third of its length. A good average width of the ridge is 5 cm (2”).

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Dignified, intelligent, aloof with strangers, but showing no aggression or shyness.

HEAD

CRANIAL REGION :

Skull : Should be of a hair length (width of head between ears, distance from occiput to stop, stop to end of nose, should be equal), flat and broad between the ears; the head should be free from wrinkles when in repose.

Stop : The stop should be reasonably well defined and not in one straight line from the nose to the occipital bone.

FACIAL REGION :

Nose : The nose should be black or brown. A black nose should be accompanied by dark eyes, a brown nose by amber eyes.

Muzzle : The muzzle should be long, deep and powerful.

Lips : The lips should be clean, closely fitting the jaws.

Jaws/Teeth : Jaws strong, with a perfect and complete scissor bite, i.e. the upper teeth closely overlapping the lower teeth and set square to the jaws. The teeth must be well developed, especially the canines or holders.

Cheeks : Cheeks should be clean.

Eyes : Should be moderately well apart, round, bright and sparkling, with intelligent expression, their colour harmonising with the colour of the coat.

Ears : Should be set rather high, of medium size, rather wide at base, and gradually tapering to a rounded point. They should be carried close to the head.

NECK : Should be fairly long, strong and free from throatiness.

BODY :

Back : Powerful.

Loins: Strong, muscular and slightly arched.

Chest : Should not be too wide, but very deep and capacious; the brisket should reach to the elbow. Forechest should be visible when viewed from the side. Ribs moderately well sprung, never rounded like barrel-hoops.

TAIL : Should be strong at the root and gradually tapering towards the end, free form coarseness. It should be of moderate length. It should not be attached too high nor too low, and should be carried with a slight curve upwards, never curled.

LIMBS

FOREQUARTERS : The forelegs should be perfectly straight, strong and well boned, with the elbows close to the body. When viewed from the side, the forelegs should be wider than viewed from the front.

Shoulders : The shoulders should be sloping, clean and muscular.

Pastern : Should be strong with light spring.

HINDQUARTERS : In the hind legs the muscles should be clean and well defined.

Stifle : Good turn of stifle.

Hock : Strong, well let down.

FEET : The feet should be compact and round, with well arched toes and tough, elastic pads, protected by hair between the toes and pads.

GAIT / MOVEMENT : Straight forward, free and active.

COAT

HAIR : Should be short and dense, sleek and glossy in appearance, but neither woolly nor silky.

COLOUR : Light wheaten to red wheaten. A little white on the chest and toes is permissible, but excessive white hairs here, on belly, or above toes is undesirable. A dark muzzle and ears permissible. Excessive black hairs throughout the coat are highly undesirable.

SIZE AND WEIGHT :

Height at withers : Dogs : 63-69 cm (25” -27”).

Bitches : 61-66 cm (24” -26”).

Weight : Dogs : 36,5 kg (80 lbs).

Bitches : 32 kg (70 lbs).

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.

FCI-Standard N° 147 / 19. 06. 2000 (Dutch / Ned. standaard)

ROTTWEILER Foto

CLASSIFICATION F.C.I. : Group 2 Pinscher and Schnauzer type, Molossian type, Swiss Mountain- and Cattle Dogs and other breeds.

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The Rottweiler is considered to be one of the oldest dog breeds. Its origin goes back to Roman times. These dogs were kept as herder or driving dogs. They marched over the Alps with the Roman legions, protecting the humans and driving their cattle. In the region of Rottweil, these dogs met and mixed with the native dogs in a natural crossing. The main task of the Rottweiler now became the driving and guarding of the herds of cattle and the defence of their masters and their property. This breed acquired its name from the old free city of Rottweil and was known as the « Rottweil butcher’s dog’ ». The butchers bred this type of dog purely for performance and usefulness. In due course, a first rate watch and driving dog evolved which could also be used as a draught dog. When, at the beginning of the twentieth century, various breeds were needed for police service, the Rottweiler was amongst those tested. It soon became evident that the breed was highly suitable for the tasks set by police service and therefore they were officially recognized as police dogs in 1910.

Rottweiler breeders aim at a dog of abundant strength, black coated with clearly defined rich tan markings, whose powerful appearance does not lack nobility and which is exceptionally well suited to being a companion, service and working dog.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : The Rottweiler is a medium to large size, stalwart dog, neither heavy nor light and neither leggy nor weedy. His correctly proportioned, compact and powerful build leads to the conclusion of great strength, agility and endurance.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS : The length of the body, measured from the point of the sternum (breast-bone) to the ischiatic tuberosity, should not exceed the height at the withers by, at most, 15%.

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Good-natured, placid in basic disposition and fond of children, very devoted, obedient, biddable and eager to work. His appearance is natural and rustic, his behaviour self-assured, steady and fearless. He reacts to his surroundings with great alertness.

Skull : Of medium length, broad between the ears. Forehead line moderately arched as seen from the side. Occipital bone well developed without being conspicuous.

Nose : Well developed, more broad than round with relatively large nostrils, always black.

Muzzle : The foreface should appear neither elongated nor shortened in relation to the cranial region. Straight nasal bridge, broad at base, moderately tapered.

Lips : Black, close fitting, corner of the mouth not visible, gum as dark as possible.

Jaws/Teeth : Upper and lower jaw strong and broad. Strong, complete dentition (42 teeth) with scissor bite, the upper incisors closely overlapping the lower incisors.

Eyes : Of medium size, almond-shaped, dark brown in colour. Eyelids close fitting.

Ears : Medium-sized, pendant, triangular, wide apart, set on high. With the ears laid forward close to the head, the skull appears o be broadened.

NECK : Strong, of fair length, well muscled, slightly arched, clean, free from throatiness, without dewlap.

Croup : Broad, of medium length, slightly rounded. Neither flat nor falling away.

Chest : Roomy, broad and deep (approximately 50% of the shoulder height) with well developed forechest and well sprung ribs.

TAIL : In natural condition, level in extension of the upper line; at ease may be hanging.

FOREQUARTERS : Seen from the front, the front legs are straight and not placed too closely to each other. The forearm, seen from the side, stands straight and vertical. The slope of the shoulder blade is about 45 degrees to the horizontal.

Front feet : Round, tight and well arched; pads hard; nails short, black and strong.

HINDQUARTERS : Seen from behind, legs straight and not too close together. When standing free, obtuse angles are formed between the dog’s upper thigh and the hip bone, the upper thigh and the lower thigh, and the lower thigh and metatarsal.

Hindfeet : Slightly longer than the front feet. Toes strong, arched, as tight as front feet.

GAIT : The Rottweiler is a trotting dog. In movement the back remains firm and relatively stable. Movement harmonious, steady, full of energy and unrestricted, with good stride.

SKIN : Skin on the head : overall tight fitting. When the dog is alert, the forehead may be slightly wrinkled.

HAIR : The coat consists of a top coat and an undercoat. The top coat is of medium length, coarse, dense and flat. The undercoat must not show through the top coat. The hair is a little longer on the hindlegs.

COLOUR : Black with clearly defined markings of a rich tan on the cheeks, muzzle, throat, chest and legs, as well as over both eyes and under the base of the tail.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.

· General appearance : Light, weedy, leggy appearance. Light in bone and muscle.

· Head : Hound-type head. Narrow, light, too short, long or coarse head. Flat forehead (lack of stop or too little stop).

· Foreface : Long or pointed muzzle; split nose; Roman nose (convex nasal bridge) or dish-faced (concave nasal bridge); acquiline nose; pale or spotted nose (butterfly nose).

· Ears : Set on too low, heavy, long, slack or turned backwards. Also flying ears or ears not carried symmetricaly.

· Forequarters : Narrow or crooked front legs. Steep shoulder placement. Loose or out at elbow. Too long, too short or too straight in upper arm. Weak or steep pastern. Splayed feet. Too flat or too arched toes. Deformed toes. Light coloured nails.

· Hindquarters : Flat thighs, hocks too close, cow hocks or barrel hocks. Joints with too little or too much angulation. Dewclaws.

· Colour : Markings of incorrect colour, not clearly defined. Markings which are too spread out.

· Behaviour : Anxious, shy, cowardly, gun-shy, vicious, excessively suspicious, nervous animals.

· General : Distinct reversal of sexual type, i.e. feminine dogs or masculine bitches.

· Teeth : Overshot or undershot bite, wry mouth; lack of one incisive tooth, one canine, one premolar or one molar.

· Colour : Dogs which do not show the typical Rottweiler colouring of black with tan markings. White markings.

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.

TRANSLATION : Mr. Paschoud and his collaborators, updated by Mrs. C. Seidler.

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The Dachshund, also called Dackel or Teckel, has been known since the Middle Ages. From the « Bracken », dogs were constantly bred which were specially suitable for hunting below ground. From these short legged dogs, the Dachshund evolved and was recognised as one of the most versatile and useful breeds of hunting dogs. He also has excellent achievements above ground, hunting while giving tongue, searching and tracking wounded game. The oldest Club devoted to the breeding of Dachshunds is the « Deutsche Teckelklub » e.V., founded in 1888.

For decades the Dachshund has been bred in three sizes (Teckel, Miniature Teckel and Rabbit Teckel) and in three different kinds of coat (Smooth-haired, Wire-haired and Long-haired).

GENERAL APPEARANCE : Low, short legged, elongated but compact build, very muscular with cheeky, challenging head carriage and alert facial expression. His general appearance is typical of his sex. In spite of his legs being short in relation to the long body, he is very mobile and lithe.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS : With the distance above ground level of about one third of the height at withers, the body length should be in harmonious relation to height at withers, about 1 to 1,7 - 1,8.

BEHAVIOUR /TEMPERAMENT : Friendly by nature, neither nervous nor aggressive, with even temperament. Passionate, persevering and fast hunting dog with an excellent nose.

HEAD : Elongated as seen from above and in profile. Tapering uniformly towards the nose leather yet not pointed. Superciliary ridges clearly defined. Nasal cartilage and bridge of nose, long and narrow.

Muzzle : Long, sufficiently broad and strong. Can be opened wide, split to level of eye.

Jaws/Teeth : Well developed upper and lower jaw. Scissor bite, even and closing firmly. Ideally, complete set of 42 teeth according to requirements for a dog’s mouth with strong Canines exactly fitting into each other.

Eyes : Medium size, oval, set well apart, with clear energetic yet friendly expression. Not piercing. Colour bright, dark reddish brown to blackish brown in all coat colours. Wall, fish or pearl eyes in dapple dogs are not desired but may be tolerated.

Ears : Set on high, not too far forward. Sufficiently long but not exaggerated. Rounded, not narrow, pointed or folded. Mobile with front edge lying close to cheek.

NECK : Sufficiently long, muscular. Tight fitting skin on throat. Lightly arched nape of neck, carried freely and high.

Back : Behind the high withers, topline running from the thoracic vertebrae straight or slightly inclined to the rear. Firm and well muscled.

Chest : Sternum well developed and so prominent that slight depressions appear on either side. The ribcage, seen from the front, is oval. Seen from above and the side, it is roomy, giving plenty of space for the heart and lung development. Ribs carried well back. With correct length and angulation of shoulder blade and upper arm, the front leg covers the lowest point of the sternal line in profile.

TAIL : Not set on too high, carried in continuation of topline. A slight curve in the last third of the tail is permitted.

General : Strongly muscled, well angulated. Seen from front, clean front legs, standing straight with good strength of bone; feet pointing straight forward.

Shoulders : Pliant muscles. Long sloping shoulder blade, fitting close to chest.

Upper arm : Equal in length to shoulder blade, set almost at right angle to same. Strong boned and well muscled, close fitting to ribs but free in movement.

Forearm : Short, yet so long that the dog’s distance from the ground is about one third of its height at withers. As straight as possible.

Pastern : Seen from the side, should be neither steep nor noticeably inclined forward.

Front feet : Toes close together, well arched with strong, resistant, well cushioned pads and short strong nails. The fifth toe has no function but must not be removed.

General : Strongly muscled, in correct proportion to forequarters. Strong angulation of stifles and hock joints. Hindlegs parallel standing neither close nor wide apart.

GAIT / MOVEMENT : Movement should be ground covering, flowing and energetic, with far reaching front strides without much lift, and strong rear drive movement should produce slightly springy transmission to backline. Tail should be carried in harmonious continuation of backline, slightly sloping. Front and hindlegs have parallel movement.

HAIR : Short, dense, shiny, smooth fitting, tight and harsh. Not showing any bald patches anywhere.

Tail : Fine, fully but not too profusely coated. Somewhat longer guard hair on underside is not a fault.

a) Whole-coloured : Red, reddish yellow, yellow, all with or without interspersed black hairs. A clear colour is preferable and red is of greater value than reddish yellow or yellow. Even dogs with strongly interspersed black hairs are classed as whole-colour, not as other colours. White is not desired but single small spots do not disqualify. Nose and nails black. reddish-brown is also permissible but not desirable.

b) Two-coloured : Deep black or brown, each with tan or yellow markings (« Brand ») over eyes, on sides of muzzle and of lower lip, on inner edge of leathers, on forechest, on inside and rear side of legs, also on the feet, round the vent and from there reaching to about one third or one-half of the underside of the tail. Nose and nails black in black dogs, brown in brown dogs. White is not desired but single small spots do not disqualify. Tan or yellow marking (« Brand ») too wide spread is undesirable.

c) Dappled (Tiger-brindle, brindle) : The basic colour is always the dark colour (black, red or grey). Desired are irregular grey or beige patches (large patches not desired). Neither the dark nor the light colour should be predominant. The colour of a brindle Dachshund is red or yellow with darker brindle. Nose and toenails are the same as with the whole- and two-coloured.

HAIR : With exception of muzzle, eyebrows and leathers, perfectly even close fitting, dense wiry topcoat with undercoat. The muzzle has a clearly defined beard. Eyebrows are bushy. On the leathers, the coat is shorter than on the body, almost smooth.

COLOUR : Dominantly light to dark wild boar colour as well as colour of dry leaves. Otherwise same colours as described under Smooth-haired a-c.

HAIR : The sleek shiny coat, with undercoat and close fitting to body, is longer at the throat and on underside of body. On leathers the hair must extend beyond the lower edge of ears (feathering). Distinct feathers on rear side of legs. Achieves its greatest length on underside of tail and there forms a veritable flag.

Miniature Dachshund : Circumference of chest from 30 to 35 cm measured when at least 15 months old.

Rabbit Dachshund : Chest circumference up to 30 cm measured when at least 15 months.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.

· M3 (Molar 3) are not to be considered when judging. Lack of 2PM1 (Premolar 1) is not to be penalised. The absence of PM2 should be regarded as a fault, if other than M3, no other teeth are missing, also a departure from the correctly closing scissor bite.

· The absence of teeth other than those described among « faults » or « eliminating faults ».

· Coat too fine or thin. Bald patches on leathers (leather ear), other bald areas.

· Lack of other premolars or molars. Exceptions: The two PM1, one PM2 without consideration of M3, as mentioned under Faults.

· Black colour without markings (Brand); white colour with or without markings (Brand).

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.

FCI-Standard N° 149 / 16. 04. 2004 (Dutch / Ned. standaard)

BULLDOG Foto

CLASSIFICATION F.C.I. : Group 2 Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoid breeds-Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs and other breeds.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : Smooth-coated, thick set, rather low in stature, broad, powerful and compact. Head fairly large in proportion to size, but no point so much in excess of others as to destroy the general symmetry, or make the dog appear deformed, or interfere with its powers of motion. Face short, muzzle broad, blunt and inclined upwards. Dogs showing respiratory distress highly undesirable. Body short, well knit, with no tendency towards obesity. Limbs stout, well muscled and in hard condition. Hindquarters high and strong but somewhat lighter in comparison with heavy foreparts. Bitches not so grand or well-developed as dogs.

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Conveys impression of determination, strength and activity. Alert, bold, loyal, dependable, courageous, fierce in appearance, but possessed of affectionate nature.

HEAD : Viewed from side, head appears very high and short from back to point of nose. Forehead flat with skin upon and about head, loose and finely wrinkled, neither prominent nor overhanging face. Projections of frontal bones prominent, broad, square and high. From stop, a furrow, both broad and deep extending to middle of skull being traceable to apex. Face from front of cheek-bone to nose, short, skin wrinkled.

Distance from inner corner of eye (or from centre of stop between eyes) to extreme tip of nose not exceeding length from tip of nose to edge of underlip.

Skull : Skull large in circumference. Viewed from front appears very high from corner of lower jaw to apex of skull; also very broad and square.

FACIAL REGION : Viewed from front, the various properties of the face must be equally balanced on either side of an imaginary line down centre.

Nose : Nose and nostrils large, broad and black, under no circumstances liver colour, red or brown; top set back towards eyes. Nostrils large wide and open, with well-defined vertical straight line between.

Muzzle : Muzzle short, broad, turned upwards and very deep from corner of eye to corner of mouth. Nose roll must not interfere with the line of layback.

Lips : Flews (chops) thick, broad, pendant and very deep, hanging completely over lower jaws at sides, not in front, joining underlip in front and quite covering teeth.

Jaws/Teeth : Jaws broad, massive and square, lower jaw projecting in front of upper and turning up. Jaws broad and square with six small front teeth between canines in an even row. Canines wide apart. Teeth large and strong not seen when mouth closed. When viewed from front under jaw directly under upper jaw and parallel.

Eyes : Seen from front, situated low down in skull, well away from ears. Eyes and stop in same straight line, at right angles to furrow. Wide apart, but outer corners within the outline of cheeks. Round in shape, of moderate size, neither sunken nor prominent, in colour very dark- almost black- showing no white when looking directly forward. Free from obvious eye problems.

Ears : Set high-i.e. front edge of each ear (as viewed from front) joins outline of skull at top corner of such outline, so as to place them as wide apart, as high and as far from eyes as possible. Small and thin. “Rose ear” correct, i.e. folding inwards back, upper or front inner edge curving outwards and backwards, showing part of inside of burr.

NECK : Moderate in length, very thick, deep and strong. Well-arched at back, with much loose, thick and wrinkled skin about throat, forming dewlap on each side, from lower jaw to chest.

Topline : Slight fall to back close behind shoulders (lowest part) whence spine should rise to loins (top higher than top of shoulder), curving again more suddenly to tail, forming arch (termed roach back)-a distinctive characteristic of breed.

Chest : Chest wide, laterally round, prominent and deep. Body well-ribbed up behind. Brisket capacious, round and very deep from top of shoulders to lowest part where it joins chest. Well let down between forelegs. Large in diameter, round behind forelegs (not flat-sided, ribs well-rounded).

TAIL : Set on low, jutting out rather straight and then turning downwards. Round, smooth and devoid of fringe or coarse hair. Moderate in length-rather short than long-thick at root, tapering quickly to a fine point. Downward carriage (not having a decided upward curve at end) and never carried above back.

FOREQUARTERS : Forelegs very stout and strong, well-developed, set wide apart, thick, muscular and straight, presenting rather bowed outline, but bones of legs large and straight, not bandy nor curved and short in proportion to hindlegs, but not so short as to make back appear long, or detract from dog’s activity and so cripple him.

Shoulders : Shoulders broad, sloping and deep, very powerful and muscular giving appearance of being “tacked on” body.

HINDQUARTERS : Legs large and muscular, longer in proportion than forelegs, so as to elevate loins.

Hocks : Hocks thereby made to approach each other and hind feet to turn outwards. Hocks slightly bent, well let down.

FEET : Fore, straight and turning very slightly outward; of medium size and moderately round. Hind, round and compact. Toes compact and thick, well split up, making knuckles prominent and high.

GAIT / MOVEMENT : Peculiarly heavy and constrained, appearing to walk with short, quick steps on tips of toes, hind feet not lifted high, appearing to skim ground, running with one or other shoulder rather advanced. Soundness of movement of the utmost importance.

HAIR : Fine texture, short, close and smooth (hard only from shortness and closeness, not wiry).

COLOUR : Whole or smut, (i.e. whole colour with black mask or muzzle). Only whole colours (which should be brilliant and pure of their sort). viz., brindles, reds with their various shades, fawns, fallows etc., white and pied (i.e. combination of white with any of the foregoing colours). Dudley, black and black with tan highly undesirable.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effect upon the health and welfare of the dog.

Judges are required to strictly adhere to this standard and take the following faults into consideration:

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.