FCI Standard 116

FCI-Standard N° 116 / 30. 06. 1995 (Dutch / Ned. standaard)

DOGUE DE BORDEAUX Foto

TRANSLATION : Tim Taylor and Raymond Triquet.
Sketches by Sylvie GUIGNARD

ORIGIN : France.

DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE VALID ORIGINAL STANDARD : 14.04.1995.

UTILIZATION : Guard, defence and dissuasion.

FCI CLASSIFICATION : Group 2 (Pinscher and Schnauzer type, Molossian and Swiss mountain- and cattledogs)
Section 2.1 (Mastiff type).
Without working trial.

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The dogue de Bordeaux is one of the most ancient French breeds, probably a descendant of the Alans and, in particular, the alan vautre of which Gaston Phebus (or Febus), Count of Foix, said in the 14th century, in his Livre de Chasse that "he holds his bite stronger than three sighthounds". The word "dogue" first appeared at the end of the 14th century. In the middle of the 19th century these ancient dogues were hardly renowned outside the region of Aquitaine. They were used for hunting large animals such as boar, for fighting (often codified), for the guarding of houses and cattle and in the service of butchers. In 1863 the first French dog show took place in Paris in the Jardin d'Acclimatation. The dogues de Bordeaux were entered under their present name. There have been different types : The Toulouse type, the Paris type and the Bordeaux type, which is the origin of today's dogue.
The breed, which had suffered greatly during the two world wars, to the point of being threatened with extinction after the second world war, got off to a fresh start in the 1960's.

1st standard (Caractère des vrais dogues) in Pierre Megnin, Le Dogue de Bordeaux, 1896.
2nd standard in J. Kunstler, Etude critique du Dogue de Bordeaux, 1910.
3rd standard by Raymond Triquet, with the collaboration of Vet. Dr. Maurice Luquet, 1971.
4th standard reformulated according to Jerusalem model (F.C.I.) by Raymond Triquet, with the collaboration of Philippe Serouil, President of the French Dogue de Bordeaux Club and its Committee, 1993.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : Typical concave lined brachycephalic molossoid. The Dogue de Bordeaux is a very powerful dog, with a very muscular body yet retaining a harmonious general outline. He is built rather close to the ground, the distance sternum-ground being slightly less than the depth of the chest.
Stocky, athletic, imposing, he has a very dissuasive aspect.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS : The length of the body, measured from the point of the shoulder to the point of the buttock, is superior to the height at the withers, in the proportion of 11/10.
The depth of the chest is more than half the height at the withers.
The maximum length of the muzzle is equal to one third of the length of the head.
The minimum length of the muzzle is equal to one quarter of the length of the head.
In the male, the perimeter of the skull corresponds more or less to the height at the withers.

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : An ancient fighting dog, the dogue de Bordeaux is gifted for guarding, which he assumes with vigilance and great courage but without aggressiveness. A good companion, very attached to his master and very affectionate. Calm, balanced with a high stimulus threshold.
The male normally has a dominant character.

HEAD :
Voluminous, angular, broad, rather short, trapezoid when viewed from above and in front.

CRANIAL REGION :
- In the male : the perimeter of the skull measured at the level of its greatest width corresponds roughly to the height at the withers.
- In bitches : it may be slightly less.
Its volume and shape are the consequences of the very important development of the temporals, supra-orbital arches, zygomatic arches and the spacing of the branches of the lower jaw. The upper region of the skull is slightly convex from one side to the other.
Fronto-nasal depression or stop is very pronounced, almost forming a right angle with the muzzle (95º to 100º).
The frontal groove is deep, diminishing towards the posterior end of the head. The forehead dominates the face. However it is still wider than high.
The head is furrowed with symmetrical wrinkles, each side of the median groove. These deep ropes of wrinkle are mobile depending on whether the dog is attentive or not.

FACIAL REGION :
Nose : Broad, well opened nostrils, well pigmented according to the mask. Upturned nose (snubbed) permissible but not if it is set back towards the face.
Muzzle : Powerful, broad, thick, but not fleshy below the eyes, rather short, upper profile very slightly concave, with moderately obvious folds. Its width hardly decreasing towards the tip of the muzzle, when viewed from above it has the general shape of a square. In relation to the upper region of the skull, the line of the muzzle forms a very obtuse angle upwards. When the head is held horizontally the tip of the muzzle, truncated, thick and broad at the base, is in front of a vertical tangent to the anterior face of the nose. Its perimeter is almost two thirds of that of the head. Its length varies between one third and one quarter of the total length of the head, from the nose to the occipital crest. The limits stated (maximum one third and minimum one quarter of the total length of the head) are permissible but not sought after, the ideal length of the muzzle being between these two extremes.
Jaws : Very powerful, broad. Undershot (the undershot condition being a characteristic of the breed).
The back of the lower incisors is in front of and not in contact with the front face of the upper incisors.
The lower jaw curves upwards. The chin is well marked and must neither overlap the upper lip exaggeratedly nor be covered by it.
Teeth : Strong, particularly the canines. Lower canines set wide apart and slightly curved. Incisors well aligned especially in the lower jaw where they form an apparently straight line.
Upper lip : Thick, moderately pendulous, retractile. When viewed in profile it shows a rounded lower line. It covers the lower jaw on the sides. In front the edge of the upper lip is in contact with the lower lip, then drops on either side thus forming a reversed wide V.
Cheeks : Prominent, due to the very strong development of the muscles.
Eyes : Oval, set wide apart. The space between the two inner angles of the eyelids is equal to about twice the length of the eye (eye opening). Frank expression. The haw must not be visible. Colour : hazel to dark brown for a dog with a black mask, lighter colour tolerated but not sought after in dogs with either a brown mask or without a mask.
Ears : Relatively small, of a slightly darker colour than the coat. At its set on the front of the base of the ear is slightly raised. They must fall back, but not hang limply, the front edge being close to the cheek when the dog is attentive. The tip of the ear is slightly rounded; it must not reach beyond the eye. Set rather high, at the level of the upper line of the skull, thus appearing to accentuate its width even more.

Neck : Very strong, muscular, almost cylindrical. The skin is supple, ample and loose. The average circumference almost equals that of the head. It is separated from the head by a slightly accentuated transversal furrow, slightly curved. Its upper edge is slightly convex. The well defined dewlap starts at the level of the throat forming folds down to the chest, without hanging exaggeratedly. The neck, very broad at its base, merges smoothly with the shoulders.

BODY :
Topline : Solid with a broad and muscular back, withers well marked, broad loin, rather short and solid, rump moderately sloping down to the root of the tail.
Chest : Powerful, long, deep, broad, let down lower than the elbows. Broad and powerful breast whose lower line (inter-axillae) is convex towards the bottom. Ribs well let down and well sprung but not barrel shaped. The circumference of the chest must be between 0,25 to 0,30 m greater than the height at the withers.
Underline : Curved, from the deep brisket to the rather tucked up, firm abdomen, being neither pendulous nor whippety.
Tail : Very thick at the base. Its tip preferably reaching the hock and not below. Carried low, it is neither broken nor kinked but supple. Hanging when the dog is in repose, generally rising by 90º to 120º from that position when the dog is in action, without curving over the back or being curled.

LIMBS :

FOREQUARTERS : Strong bone structure, legs very muscular.
Shoulders : Powerful, prominent muscles. Slant of shoulder-blade medium (about 45º to the horizontal), angle of the scapular-humeral articulation a little more than 90º.
Arms : Very muscular.
Elbows : In the axis of the body, neither too close to the thoracic wall nor turned out.
Forearms : Viewed from the front, straight or inclining slightly inwards thus getting closer to the median plane, especially in dogs with a very broad chest. Viewed in profile, vertical.
Metacarpial region : Powerful. Viewed in profile, slightly sloping. Viewed from the front sometimes slightly outwards thus compensating for the slight inclination of the forearm inwards.
Feet : Strong. Toes tight, nails curved and strong, pads well developed and supple : the dogue is well up on his toes despite his weight.

HINDQUARTERS :
Robust legs with strong bone structure; well angulated. When viewed from behind the hindquarters are parallel and vertical thus giving an impression of power even though the hindquarters are not quite as broad as the forequarters.
Thigh : Very developed and thick with visible muscles.
Stifle : In a parallel plane to the median plane or slightly out.
Second Thigh : Relatively short, muscled, descending low.
Hock : Short, sinewy, angle of the hock joint moderately open.
Metatarsus : Robust, no dewclaws.
Hindfeet : Slightly longer than the front feet, toes tight.

MOVEMENT : Quite supple for a molossoid. When walking the movement is free, supple, close to the ground. Good drive from the hindquarters, good extension of the forelegs, especially when trotting, which is the preferred gait. When the trot quickens, the head tends to drop, the topline inclines towards the front, and the front feet get closer to the median plane while striding out with a long reaching movement of the front legs. Short gallop with vertical movement rather important. Capable of great speed over short distances by bolting along close to the ground.

SKIN : Thick and sufficiently loose fitting.

HAIR : Fine, short and soft to the touch.

COAT : Self-coloured, in all shades of fawn, from mahogany to isabella. A good pigmentation is desirable. Limited white patches are permissible on the chest and the extremities of the limbs.

MASK :
1. Black mask : The mask is often only slightly spread out and must not invade the cranial region. There may be slight black shading on the skull, ears, neck and top of body. The nose is then black.
2. Brown mask : (used to be called red or bistre). The nose is then brown; the eyerims are also brown.
3. No mask : The coat is fawn : the skin appears red (also formerly called "red mask"). The nose is then reddish or pink.

SIZE : Height should more or less correspond to the perimeter of the skull.
- Dogs : 60-68 cm at the withers
- Bitches : 58-66 cm at the withers.
1 cm under and 2 cm over will be tolerated.

WEIGHT :
- Dogs : at least 50 kg
- Bitches : at least 45 kg.

Bitches : Identical characteristics but less prominent.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.

SERIOUS FAULTS :

- Hyper aggressive, timid.
- Head short and round with protruding eyes.
- Hypertypical bulldoggy : flat skull, muzzle measuring less than a quarter of the total length of the head.
- Important lateral deviation of the lower jaw.
- Incisors constantly visible when the mouth is closed.
- Arched back.
- Fused but not deviated vertebrae of the tail.
- Forefeet turning inwards (even slightly).
- Forefeet turning outwards too much.
- Flat thighs.
- Angle of hock too open (straight angulation).
- Angle of the hock too closed, dog standing under himself behind.
- Cow hocks or barrel hocks.
- Stilted movement or serious rolling of rear.
- Excessive shortness of breath, rasping.
- White on tip of tail or on the front part of the forelegs, above the carpus and the tarsus.

DISQUALIFYING FAULTS :

- Long, narrow head with insufficiently pronounced stop, with a muzzle measuring more than a third of the total length of the head (lack of type in head).
- Muzzle parallel to the top line of the skull or downfaced, Roman nose.
- Twisted jaw.
- Mouth not undershot.
- Canines constantly visible when the mouth is closed.
- Tongue constantly hanging out when the mouth is closed.
- Tail knotted and lateraly deviated or twisted (screw tail, kink tail).
- Atrophied tail.
- Fiddle front with splay feet.
- Angle of the hock open towards the rear (tarsal deviated towards the front).
- White on the head or body, any other colour of the coat than fawn.
- Identifiable disabling defect.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The German long-haired Pointing Dog combines the bloodlines of a bird-, hawk- and water dog as well as of Bracken (Scenthounds). He therefore has scope for great versatility. Pure breeding has been carried out since the year 1879 and main characteristics of the breed laid down. In the year 1897, Baron von Schorlemer set down the first standard for the German Long-haired and thus laid the foundation stone for today’s pure breeding.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : Strong; muscular; low set; flowing lines. Small dogs must have plenty of substance. Too massive and thereby clumsy dogs are not desired.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS : Muzzle and skull of equal length. Dog should not be overbuilt. Slightly higher at shoulder than rump.

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Balanced, calm, controlled temperament, good natured, easily trained.

HEAD : Special value must be attached to the beautiful Long-haired head. Noble appearance, elongated.

Jaws/Teeth : Jaws not too fine. Well developed and complete (42 teeth) scissor bite i.e. upper incisors closely overlapping the lower incisors.

Eyes : Colour : Brown, as dark as possible. Lids fitting close to eyeballs, without visible haw. Set neither too deep, nor protruding.

NECK : Strong and noble. No dewlap. Getting harmoniously stronger towards the chest. Not too short.

Chest : Forechest well developed, ribcage broad and deep, reaching at least to elbows.

TAIL : Carried not too steep. It should be carried horizontally, the last third being slightly turned up.

General : In normal stance, bones of upper arm, forearm and of foot, seen from the front, should form an almost vertical line.

Shoulder : Close fitting. Seen from side, in repose, shoulder-blade and upper arm should form approximately a right angle.

General : Seen from behind, the hip bone, upper thigh, bones of lower thigh and of foot should form a vertical line.

GAIT / MOVEMENT : Ground covering movement with good drive from hindquarters.

HAIR : The greatest importance is attached to correct coat, neither excessive growth nor too short hair. On back and sides of body: Hair 3-5 cm, close fitting. On underside of neck, on chest and belly, coat may be longer.

· Below hock : Hair significantly shorter. Too much feathering is not desired. Dense short hair between toes.

· Head : Hair much shorter, but all the same, longer than on a short-haired German Pointing Dog. Topknot not desired.

· On body : Hair is sleek, firm, smooth or slightly wavy, close fitting. Dense with good undercoat.

· Dark roan (with large or smaller dark brown patches; brown head, possibly with white blaze, snip or star).

· Pale roan (with large or smaller pale brown patches; brown head with possibly white blaze, snip or star).

· Mottled (many small brown spots on white background; head brown, possibly with white blaze, snip or star).

· Brown and white, either pure brown and white or with very few small spots (large brown patches with saddle or blanket. Head brown, possibly with white blaze, snip or star).

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.

· Eyes : Ectropion (lids turned outwards). Entropion (lids turned inwards). Also eyelids which have been corrected.

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.

FCI-Standard N° 118 / 12. 10. 1998 (Dutch / Ned. standaard)

LARGE MUNSTERLANDER (Grosser Münsterländer Vorstehhund) Foto

UTILIZATION : Versatile, useful multi-purpose gundog. His strength is his work after the shot.

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The historical development of the large Munsterlander goes back to the white/particolour bird and hawking dog of the Middle Ages via the Stöberhund and Wachtelhund to the Pointer of the 19th century. The Large Munsterlander as well as the Small Munsterlander and the Deutsch-Langhaar (German Longhair) belong to the family of the longhaired German Pointing Dogs, whose planned breeding began towards the end of the 19th Century. After the « German Longhair Club » finally excluded the black colour from breeding in 1909, the « Club for the pure breeding of the black and white Münsterland Pointers » (founded in 1919) took over the breeding of the black and white Longhair.

After incorporating the remainder of these native Longhairs, in particular from West-Münsterland and lower Saxony, onto a foundation list, the Club began the planned breeding of the Large Munsterlander in 1922.

The foundation list comprised 83 dogs. Descendants of the dogs on the original list were entered into the stud book for Large Munsterlander. The Club keeping the stud records is the « Verband Grosse Münsterländer e.V. », to date organised in eight independent regional groups. The « Verband Grosse Münsterländer » is a member of the V.D.H. (Verband für das Deutsche Hundewesen) and of the Federation of Working Gundogs (JGHV).

GENERAL APPEARANCE : Strong muscular body, yet racy general impression. Expression of intelligence and nobility. Clean outline.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS : Length of body and height at withers should, as near as possible, be equal. Length of body can exceed height at withers by 2 cm.

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : The most important qualities are : to be tractable and easily taught, dependable for use as a gundog, in particular after the shot. Lively temperament without being nervous.

HEAD : Noble and elongated, with intelligent outlook. Definite well muscled chin.

Jaws/Teeth : Strong and complete dentition (42 teeth) with well formed canines and perfect scissor bite.

Chest : Broad when seen from front, deep seen from side with definite forechest.

TAIL : Carried horizontally or slightly higher. Seen from side in continuation of the upper line, without break.

HINDQUARTERS : Strong, taut muscles. Vertical stance; correct angulation of stifle and hock joints.

GAIT / MOVEMENT : Springy walk and trot, covering ground, with long stride. Gallop: elastic, animated with necessary drive and long bound.

HAIR : Long and dense, yet sleek and not curly or stand off as this hinders hunting ability. Typical long-hair. The coat must be specially long and dense on backs of front and hind legs (well feathered) in both dogs and bitches. Also on the tail the hair must be particularly long. The strongest tail feathering should be in the medium part of its length. Hair on leathers should be long (good fringes) and reach clearly and evenly over the tip of the leathers (leather ends of ears not desirable). Hair on head is short and smooth.

COLOUR : White with black patches and spots or blue roan. Head black, white snip or blaze admissible.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.

· Slight faults of teeth and bite : Pincer bite, double PM1 absence of 1-2 premolars (PM1) or of the 3rd molars (M3).

· Front legs : Angulations too steep, protruding or twisted elbows. Weak pastern. Too narrow or too wide in front.

· Hind legs : Angulations too steep; cow-hocked or bow-legged as well as too wide or too close behind.

· Feet round cat-feet, long harefeet, slpayed feet. Pidgeon-toed or fiddle front.

· Walking and trotting : short, stiff, mincing. Gallop: Short, stiff leap; too little drive.

· Overshot or undershot mouth, wry mouth; missing incisors or canines, missing molars and premolars (except 2 PM1 and M3).

· Gun shy or gun-sensitive in any degree. Shyness of living game, fear biter, fear of strangers.

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The history of the German Shorthaired Pointing Dog starts with the dogs which were used for the hunt with nets on feathered game, especially in the Mediterranean countries, and in combination with falconry. Via France, Spain and Flanders the Pointers came to the German courts. The most important distinctive feature of these dogs was their pointing performance. After the first double-barreled gun was made (1750), a pointing dog was even more required. In full sight of the dog « game birds in flight » were shot. That was the beginning of the transition from a mere pointer to a versatile gundog. As a fundamental basis for the structure and development of the breed the « Zuchtbuch Deutsch-Kurzhaar » (Studbook) has been published since 1897. It was Prince Albrecht zu Solms-Braunfeld who compiled breed characteristics, judging rules for conformation and finally also simple trial regulations for hunting dogs. Today the German Shorthaired Pointing Dog still passes through the filter of elaborated breeding- and trial regulations. The standard stipulates the consitution of the German Shorthaired Pointing Dog, as a versatile hunting dog, which enables him to perform all requirements in connection with hunting activities, even when advanced in age.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : A dog of noble and balanced appearance, the conformation of which ensures strength, endurance and speed. Proud attitude, smooth outlines, lean head, well carried tail, firm shiny coat and well reaching, harmonious strides emphasize its nobility.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS : Length of body should slightly exceed height at withers.

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Firm, balanced, reliable, restrained temperament, neither nervous nor shy or aggressive.

HEAD : Lean, well defined, neither too light nor too heavy; as to strength and length it matches the substance and the sex of the dog.

Skull : Moderately wide, flatly rounded, scarcely pronounced occipital bone, frontal furrow not too deep, noticeably developed superciliary ridges.

Nose : Somewhat protruding. Nostrils sufficiently wide, broad and mobile. Basically brown, however black in black or black roan dogs. A flesh-coloured or spotted nose is only permissible in dogs with white as basic colour.

Muzzle : Long, broad, deep and strong in order to enable the dog’s correct carrying of game. Viewed from the side the nasal bridge shows a slight curvature in all transitions from a nobly constructed ram’s nose to a slight rise above the straight line - more prominent in males. A totally straight nasal bridge, although still acceptable, is less attractive; a concave bridge (dish-face) is a serious fault.

Lips : Tight fitting, not too pendulous, good pigmentation. The naso-labial line slopes almost vertically and then continues in a flat arch to the moderately pronounced corner of the lips.

Jaws/Teeth : Strong jaws with a perfect, regular and complete scissor bite. The upper inscisors should reach over the lower incisors without gap and the teeth should be positioned vertically in the jaws. 42 Sound teeth, in accordance with the teeth formula.

Eyes : OF medium size, neither protruding nor deep set. The ideal colour is dark brown. Eyelids tight fitting.

Ears : Moderately long, set on high and broad, flat and without twisting hanging down close to the head, bluntly rounded at the tip. Neither too fleshy nor too thin. When brought forward they are supposed to reach more or less the corner of the lips.

NECK : Length in harmony with general appearance of the dog, progressively thickening towards the body. Very muscular and slightly crested nape. Tight fitting skin of throat.

Loin : Short, broad, muscular, straight or slightly arched. Transition from back to loin tight and well knit.

Croup : Broad and long enough, not abruptly slanting, but slightly slanting towards the tail, well muscled.

Chest : Somewhat deeper than broad with well defined forechest, with the sternum reaching back as far as possible. Sternum and elbow joint ont the same level. Ribs well sprung, neither flat nor barrel-shaped. False ribs well reaching down.

TAIL : Set high, strong at the root and then tapering, of medium length. About halfway docked for hunting purposes. At rest hanging down; in movement horizontal, neither carried too high above the backline nor extremely bent. (In countries where tail docking is prohibited by law, the tail can remain in its natural shape. It should reach down as far as the hocks and be carried straight or slightly sabre tail fashion).

General appearance : Viewed from the front, straight and parallel; viewed from the side, the legs are well placed under the body.

Shoulders : Shoulder blades well laid back, well attached to chest, and strongly muscled. Shoulder blade and upperarm well angulated.

Elbow : Close but not too tight to body, neither turned in nor out, well set back.

Forefeet : Round to spoon shaped, with well tight and adequately arched toes. Strong toenails. Tough, resistant pads. Feet set parallel, neither turned in nor out, in stance as well as in movement.

General appearance : Viewed from behind straight and parallel. Good angulations in stifles and hocks, strong bone.

Upper thigh : Long, broad and muscular, with good angulation between pelvis and femur.

Lower thigh : Long, muscular with clearly visible tendons. Good angulation between lower thigh and hocks.

Hind feet : Round to spoon shaped, with well tight and adequately arched toes. Strong toenails. Tough, resistant pads. Foot set parallel, neither turned in nor out, in stance as well as in movement.

GAIT : Well extended strides, with forceful propulsion from the hindquarters and adequate reach of the forelimbs. Front and hind legs moving straight and parallel. The dog is carrying himself in a proud attitude. Pacing gait is not desirable.

HAIR : Short and dense, rough and hard to the touch. Somewhat thinner and shorter on the head and ears, not remarkably longer at the underside of the tail. Should cover the whole body.

· Dark brown roan, with brown head, brown patches or specks. The basic colour of such a dog is not brown mixed with whit or white with brown, but the coat shows such an even intensive mixture of brown and white which results in that kind of inconspicuous exterior of the dog ever so valuable for the practical hunt. At the inner sides of the hindlegs as well as at the tip of the tail the colour is often lighter.

· Light brown roan with brown head, brown patches, specks or without patches. In this colouring the brown hairs are fewer, the white hairs are predominant.

· Black colour in the same nuances as the brown, respectively the brown roan colours.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.

· Elbows turned in or out. Feet turned in or out; forelegs standing close or wide.

· Pincer bite or partial pincer bite (For dogs older than 4 years a so-called pincer bite due to age shall not affect evaluation as long as a « Deutsch-Kurzhaar-Club » has certified that at a previous show a correct bite was confirmed).

· Considerable lack in depth of chest. Poorly developed forechest. Ribs too flat or barrel shaped.

· Absence of more than 2 teeth from the total of 4 PM 1 and 2 M3. Absence of 1 tooth or more teeth other than PM 1 and M3. Non visible teeth have to be considered as missing except when certified by a « Deutsch-Kurzhaar-Club » that at a previous show or trial their existence was confirmed.

· Excessively loose eyelids, ectropion, entropion, distichiasis (double row of eyelashes).

· Any malformation of the chest, e.g. « clipped sternum » (short sternum blending abruptly into the abdominal line).

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.

IRISH RED SETTER Foto

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The Irish Red Setter was developed in Ireland as a working dog for hunting game. The breed is derived from the Irish Red and White Setter and an unknown solid red coloured dog. It was a clearly identifiable type in the 18^th century. The Irish Red Setter Club was established in 1882 to promote the Breed. The club issued the Breed Standard in 1886, and has organised field trials and shows to set the Standard for the Breed since that time. In 1998 the club published the working style for the breed. The standard and working style together describes the physical form and working ability of the breed.

The Irish Red Setter has evolved down the years into a hardy, healthy, intelligent dog, possessed of excellent working ability and great stamina.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : Racy and athletic full of quality, kindly in expression. Balanced and in proportion.

BEHAVIOUR/TEMPERAMENT: Keen, intelligent, energetic, affectionate and loyal.

HEAD : Long and lean, and not coarse at the ears. Muzzle and skull of equal length and on parallel lines.

Skull : Oval (from ear to ear), having plenty of brain room, and with well defined occipital protuberance. Brows raised.

Nose : The colour of the nose is dark mahogany, or dark walnut or black, the nostrils wide.